United States Deep Caving Team, Inc. / Wakulla 2 Expedition

©1999 US Deep Caving Team, Inc.

Wakulla Springs High Accuracy Reference Network (WS-HARN)

DGPS

Issue Date:

11-Jul-99

Error Bounds

Survey Crews:

Magnetic Beacon Surface Fixes: Brian Pease

poor

10

Trimble RTK Phase Differential (centimeter-level) GPS Fixes: Brian Pease

typical

6

Garmin DGPS (5-meter) Fixes: Brian Pease

best

4

Leica TC-1100 Traverse Data: Bill Stone, Brian Pease, Bart Hogan, Tom Morris, and Pete Butt

Trimble

Data Reduction:

Trimble RTK GPS: Brian Pease & Steve Kersey

Garmin DGPS: Brian Pease

Not Available:

Data not Logged

Leica TC-1100: Bill Stone

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Data Validation:

Bill Stone & Brian Pease

See the accompanying document "WS-HARN Uncertainty Statement" for further discussion of this table

(particularly for an explanation of the data listed in the precision columns)

Note that in all cases where available the Trimble and/or Leica coordinates should be used for location, since these are far more accurate

The Garmin DGPS receiver was used as an independent cross-check against the Trimble/Leica data; we include it here for completeness

Coordinate

RTK-GPS (Trimble, cm-level) Horizontal Datum: NAD83 CONUS, using FLGPS14 benchmark transferred to Wakulla-0

Systems

RTK-GPS (Trimble, cm-level) Vertical Datum: GEOID96, using FLGPS14 benchmark

DGPS (Garmin) Reference: NAD83 CONUS coordinates, using Egmont Key Beacon (Tampa)

(Elevation data are not reported for the DGPS (Garmin) measurements due to high variability)

Leica Total Station data were converted to coordinates compatible with the RTK-GPS data

Station Types

Surface Benchmark: permanent station on surface (no corresponding fix point inside the cave)

Temporary Buoy: installed for purposes of surveying Wakulla Basin; removed following completion of the 3D survey

In-Cave Radio Beacon: a permanent retroreflector buoy with the designated station name located inside the cavern tunnel

(a companion wood stake of the same name is located on the surface above the radio beacon;

Magnetic

stations in bold type with green background have a 300 mm steel pipe buried under the wood stake [for magnetic location]

Beacon

All in-cave beacons are high-lighted in purple

Elevations listed here correspond to the GEOID96 elevation of the point on the surface where the radio beacon

Surface

FHOT-001 Easting

FHOT-001 Northing

transmission axis penetrated the surface; both surface and in-cave markers have the same Easting and Northing coordinates)

Overland

Penetration

759697.160

3347954.695

Survey

Point

Data Cross Check

Data Cross Check

Station Name

Station

Survey Instrument and Reference Points

Station Description / In-Cave Navigation Info

Easting

Northing

East/North

Detection

Surface Terrain

Elevation

Easting

Northing

Station Name

Easting Difference

Northing Difference

Type

(meters)

(meters)

Precision

Precision

Elevation

Precision

Adjusted to FHOT-001

Adjusted to FHOT-001

(Trimble/Leica - Garmin)

(Trimble/Leica - Garmin)

(+/- meters)

(+/- meters)

(meters)

(+/-meters)

(meters)

(meters)

(meters)

(meters)

Useful Surface Benchmarks (permanent locations)

FHOT001

Surface Benchmark

Trimble 4800 referencing WAKULLA0

USGS Benchmark on Boat Dock (closest to river)

759697.160

3347954.695

0.007

Not Applicable

2.539

0.013

0.000

0.000

FHOT001

-0.877

-2.185

FHOT001 (coarse)

DGPS Check

Garmin GPS referencing Egmont Key

USGS Benchmark on Boat Dock (closest to river)

759698

3347957

6

Not Applicable

Data not Logged

Data not Logged

FHOT001 (coarse)

FHOT002

Surface Benchmark

Trimble 4800 referencing WAKULLA0

USGS Benchmark on concrete platform 2 m north of Boat House

759718.946

3347926.297

0.008

Not Applicable

2.948

0.016

21.786

-28.398

FHOT002

FHOT003

Surface Benchmark

Trimble 4800 referencing WAKULLA0

USGS Benchmark 3m south of Boat House entrance

759731.803

3347910.927

0.009

Not Applicable

2.953

0.017

34.643

-43.768

FHOT003

1.765

-3.949

FHOT003 (coarse)

DGPS Check

Garmin GPS referencing Egmont Key

USGS Benchmark 3m south of Boat House entrance

759730

3347915

6

Not Applicable

Data not Logged

Data not Logged

FHOT003 (coarse)

FLGPS14

Surface Benchmark

Trimble 4800 fix to Florida HARN

Florida GPS HARN Network Link (8 miles south of Crawfordville)

752509.820

3333433.566

See USGS page

Not Applicable

11.100

See USGS page

-7187.340

-14521.129

FLGPS14

WAKULLA0

Surface Benchmark

Trimble 4800 Transfer Fix from FLGPS14

Northwest corner of 2nd level of Dive Tower (marked by small "x")

759593.536

3347922.411

0.000 datum

Not Applicable

5.780

0.000 datum

-103.624

-32.284

WAKULLA0

0.503

0.530

WAKULLA0 (coarse)

DGPS Check

Garmin GPS referencing Egmont Key

Northwest corner of 2nd level of Dive Tower (marked by small "x")

759593

3347922

10

Not Applicable

5.780

Data not Logged

WAKULLA0 (coarse)

Wakulla Basin Control Points (reference buoys, since removed)

Wakulla Basin Control Points (reference buoys, since removed)

Basin-1 (A0)

Temporary Buoy

Leica TC-1100 on WAKULLA0 referencing FHOT001

3 meters west of Mastodon boneyard on sandy bench

759557.818

3347962.515

0.003

Not Applicable

1.823

0.005

-139.342

7.820

Basin-1 (A0)

Basin-2 (B23)

Temporary Buoy

Leica TC-1100 on WAKULLA0 referencing FHOT001

northwest corner of basin on sandy bench

759547.272

3347943.861

0.003

Not Applicable

1.89

0.005

-149.888

-10.834

Basin-2 (B23)

Basin-3 (B24)

Temporary Buoy

Leica TC-1100 on WAKULLA0 referencing FHOT001

on ledge above western wall of entrance tunnel

759561.178

3347921.556

0.003

Not Applicable

1.879

0.004

-135.982

-33.139

Basin-3 (B24)

Basin-4 (B25)

Temporary Buoy

Leica TC-1100 on WAKULLA0 referencing FHOT001

on entrance lip near keyhole, 15m west of dive tower

759579.658

3347928.011

0.003

Not Applicable

1.799

0.004

-117.502

-26.684

Basin-4 (B25)

Basin-5 (B26)

Temporary Buoy

Leica TC-1100 on WAKULLA0 referencing FHOT001

on entrance lip 10 m east of dive tower

759594.308

3347938.208

0.003

Not Applicable

1.773

0.004

-102.852

-16.487

Basin-5 (B26)

Basin-6 (A50)

Temporary Buoy

Leica TC-1100 on WAKULLA0 referencing FHOT001

on eastern entrance lip halfway to sand bench

759584.769

3347953.429

0.003

Not Applicable

1.84

0.004

-112.391

-1.266

Basin-6 (A50)

Basin-7 (A51)

Temporary Buoy

Leica TC-1100 on WAKULLA0 referencing FHOT001

at end of eastern ledge, start of sand bench

759573.134

3347962.666

0.003

Not Applicable

1.793

0.005

-124.026

7.971

Basin-7 (A51)

A-Tunnel Control Points

A-Tunnel Control Points

A2

In-Cave Radio Beacon

Trimble 4800 referencing WAKULLA0

Grand Canyon Dome

759663.128

3347843.585

0.008

1.000

5.559

0.017

-34.032

-111.110

A2

11.094

-3.290

A2 (coarse)

DGPS Check

Garmin GPS referencing Egmont Key

Grand Canyon Dome

759652

3347847

Data not Logged

1.000

Data not Logged

Data not Logged

A2 (coarse)

A3

In-Cave Radio Beacon

Trimble 4800 referencing WAKULLA0

A-B-C tunnel line junction (Grand Junction)

759627.434

3347782.633

0.007

1.000

5.608

0.014

-69.726

-172.062

A3

A4

In-Cave Radio Beacon

Trimble 4800 referencing WAKULLA0

L & A tunnel line junction (in A-Tunnel)

759570.930

3347658.554

0.009

0.1

4.743

0.041

-126.230

-296.141

A4

5.892

0.680

A4 (coarse)

DGPS Check

Garmin GPS referencing Egmont Key

L & A tunnel line junction (in A-Tunnel)

759565

3347658

10

0.1

Data not Logged

Data not Logged

A4 (coarse)

A6

In-Cave Radio Beacon

Trimble 4800 referencing WAKULLA0

D & A tunnel line junction (in A-tunnel)

759421.767

3347642.575

0.008